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矿半导体的性能受到非辐射复合的困扰，这是一种不良的电子级过程，会降低效率并加剧热损失。注：solar cell太阳能电池；additive添加剂。29.A。理解具体信息。根据第三段中的while devices without capsaicin showed a powertransformation efficiency of only 19.1%,devices containing capsaicin had an efficiency of 21.88%-nearly as high as the record 21.93%efficiency of single-crystal MAPbl3 devices The enhancedsolar cells also showed improved stability,maintaining more than 90%of their initial efficiencyafter8O0 hours of being exposed to the air可知，这些数据表明辣椒素能够提升钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能。注：power transformation efficiency功率转换效率；single-crystal MAPbl3单晶甲基铵碘化铅（钙钛矿）。30.B。理解具体信息。根据倒数第二段中的p-type semiconductor layers,,which containmore electron-deficient "holes"than electrons,and n-type semiconductor layers,whichcontain more electrons than“holes..”可知，在电子缺陷一一“空穴”主导的p型半导体层和电子主导的型半导体层的一个主要区别就是电子数量的不同。3l.C。推断。根据最后一段中的Bao and his teammates note that further research is requiredto investigate the compound's effect on harmless,lead-free perovskites可知，研究人员接下来可能会继续观察辣椒素对无铅、无毒环保型钙钛刊矿材料有何影响。注：inorganic perovskite无机钙钛矿；double perovskite双钙钛矿。D篇主题语境：人与社会一一体育木文是议论文。视频回放技术已经在体育竞技比赛中广泛使用，但其利弊一直备受争议，作者就此谈论了自己的一些看法。32.A。理解具体信息。根据第二段中的相关内容可知，美国国家橄榄球联盟(TheNational Football League)、美国职业棒球大联盟(Major League Baseball)、国际足联世界杯(the FIFA World Cup)和肯塔基赛马会(the Kentucky Derby)都在各自的比赛中使用视频回放技术，由此可见：视频回放技术在各种体育赛事中得到了广泛的应用。33.C。理解词汇。根据第三段中的However,,many purists.especially in soccer,.argue it'snotthe way the game was invented及it can slow the game down可推断，许多纯粹主义者认为视频回放正在损害体育运动。34.D。推断。根据第四段中的When obvious pass interference was committed by the LosAngeles Rams player Nickell Robey -Coleman,..no flag was raised on the field.It weakened theNew Orleans Saints'spirits.The Los Angeles Rams won a 26-23 overtime victory Video replayshowed the referees had just missed one of the most apparent pass interference calls可推知，新奥尔良圣徒队(the New Orleans Saints)会认为那场比赛的裁判太不合格了。注：the LosAngeles Rams洛杉矶公羊队。35.B。理解主旨要义。总览全文可知，视频回放技术在体育比赛中的普及引发了一些人的不满，作者就此谈论了自己的一些看法，故用B项作为标题最恰当。第二节主题语境：人与自我一一生活本文是记叙文。Nicolas Gentile痴迷于著名作家J.R.R.Tolkien笔下的奇幻故事，于是立志打造现实版的霍比特村庄。36.D。根据该空前的reading about the world and characters he loved wasn't enough anymore和该空后的So he decided that he.started living as a hobbit可知，Nicolas已经不再满足于阅读奇幻文学，他想亲自体验一下。D项中的imaginedadventures与该空后的real-ifeadventure形成对比。