全国100所名校最新高考冲刺卷英语2023届Y1
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DAt its annual general assembly in Vienna last month,the European Geosciences Union(EGU)did something unusual.The chair of its awards committee,Thomas Blunier,presenteda breakdown,by gender,of prize nominees(a被提名者)and nominators(提名者)since2O14.The data were revealing.Although women make up37%of the society's members,they madejust 20%of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men.The dataalso showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with menmost likely to nominate other men.This is clearly a problem,but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it.Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations,their share of awards is nowapproaching their representation among EGU members,thanks to corrective measures takenby the organization's awards committee.The EGU is distinct from most other scientificsocieties that do not make nomination data public,though it is necessary for the fairnessamong prizewinners.Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer.In mathematics,for example,the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators andaward-committee members aware of unconscious bias.Many prize nomination forms nowinclude statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity.The committees that awardNobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and thatthe proportion of women nominated is rising.Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools.In 2019,Nature suggested that awardorganizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks thatinclude academies of science in low and middle-income countries.This is still not happening onthe scale that it needs to.Sadly,these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity,at least notstraight away.Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago,when the barriers toentering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-representedgroups and countries.At the very least,professional societies must ensure that theirnomination pools are representatives of their communities.Greater transparency and a wider,more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence,ratherthan enlarging existing networks of fame.32.What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU?A.To show the gender balance among its members.B.To encourage females to nominate other females.C.To reflect that women have been ignored in awards.D.To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness33.What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinnersYnAA.Publicizing the nomination data.B.Widening the application pools by nominees.C.Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity.D.Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations.英语试题(雅礼版)第7页(共12页)